In-Text Citations

5. If you have a number of sources, then separate them with semicolons and place them in alphabetical order as you would in a bibliography.

2. If you use the author’s name in your sentence, you only need the date in parentheses.

4. Sometimes the author’s name is missing. In this case use the title of the source.

5. If you have a number of sources, then separate them with semicolons and place them in alphabetical order as you would in a bibliography.

6. If you use a quotation, you should include a page number of the source of the quotation along with the date. (This is easy with a conventional book or article but may not be possible with online sources).

6. If you use a quotation, you should include a page number of the source of the quotation along with the date. (This is easy with a conventional book or article but may not be possible with online sources).

3. Sometimes the date may be missing. In this case use n.d. (for “no date”).

“Brrrrrm, brrrrmm, brrrrmm, brrrrrmmm, brrrrrmmm”, (Davidson, 2001; Harley, 1997)

Many varieties of banana are grown on Pohnpie some of which are unique to the island (Sacks, 1996).

“All generalisations are bad”. (Grenier, n.d.)

4. Sometimes the author’s name is missing. In this case use the title of the source.

Basic Style Rules for In-Text Citations

1. For writing APA style citations you need to use the author’s name and the date of publication.

"If readers lack prior content knowledge in the domain, ideas presented in the text may seem disconnected even though connections among the ideas seem "obvious" to domain experts". (Goldman, 1997, p. 367)

1. For writing APA style citations you need to use the author’s name and the date of publication.

2. If you use the author’s name in your sentence, you only need the date in parentheses.

3. Sometimes the date may be missing. In this case use n.d. (for “no date”).

An article in The Independent (“Compulsory vaccinations could be justified by the crisis or parental irresponsibility”, 2019) suggests that vaccination is a difficult issue requiring a sense of balance between differing opinions.

According to Sacks, (1996), many varieties of banana are grown on Pohnpie, some of which are unique to the island.

Click each rule to view an example

5. If you have a number of sources, then separate them with semicolons and place them in alphabetical order as you would in a bibliography.